The core ground segment has the responsibility of monitoring and controlling the Sentinel spacecraft and ensuring that data processing, acquisition, archiving and dissemination to final users are operational. The Sentinel-5P satellite includes a ground segment that is broken into three units: the core ground segment, the collaborative ground segment and the Copernicus missions’ ground segment. The satellite is in a sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 824 km and has an orbital period of 17 minutes with an inclination of 98.742°. Sentinel-5P has radiometric accuracy of 1.6% in SWIR to 19% in UV of the measured Earth spectral reflectance. The instrument has a spectral resolution of 5 km-15km with the possibility of reaching 50km at wavelengths of <300 nm. There are four spectrometers on the instrument which are each electronically split into two bands: two in Ultraviolet (UV), two in Near Infrared (NIR), two in Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) and two in visible light (VIS). TROPOMI is an advanced nadir-viewing Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer (DOAS) that has a swath width of 2600 km (roughly 104° wide) with spatial sampling of 7 km x 7 km.
The TROPOMI was designed to support atmospheric composition and air quality monitoring services and provide measurements of aerosols, atmospheric humidity fields, cloud types and temperature, ozone, and trace gasses. The Sentinel-5P mission includes the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) which is a passive grating pushbroom imaging spectrometer.
Sentinel-5P Satellite (Image Credit: ESA)
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